Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Mouse, Rat, Porcine, Bovine, Chicken, Rabbit

Applications

CyTOF-ready, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin, Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Monoclonal Mouse IgG1 kappa Clone # SPM248

Format

Azide and BSA Free

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

View all GFAP Antibodies »

Product Summary for GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free

Immunogen

GFAP isolated from pig spinal cord (Uniprot: P14136)

Localization

Cytoplasmic

Specificity

This monoclonal antibody recognizes a protein of ~50kDa which is identified as Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). It shows no cross-reaction with other intermediate filament proteins. GFAP is specifically found in astroglia. GFAP is a very popular marker for localizing benign astrocyte and neoplastic cells of glial origin in the central nervous system. Antibody to GFAP is useful in differentiating primary gliomas from metastatic lesions in the brain and for documenting astrocytic differentiation in tumors outside the CNS.

Marker

Astrocyte & Neural Stem Cell Marker

Clonality

Monoclonal

Host

Mouse

Isotype

IgG1 kappa

Theoretical MW

50 kDa.
Disclaimer note: The observed molecular weight of the protein may vary from the listed predicted molecular weight due to post translational modifications, post translation cleavages, relative charges, and other experimental factors.

Description

1.0 mg/ml of antibody purified from Bioreactor Concentrate by Protein A/G. Prepared in 10mM PBS WITHOUT BSA & azide. Also available at 200 ug/ml WITH BSA & azide (NBP2-34353).

Antibody with azide - store at 2 to 8C. Antibody without azide - store at -20 to -80C. Antibody is stable for 24 months. Non-hazardous.

Scientific Data Images for GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free

Western Blot: GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-34401] - Western Blot Analysis of human brain tissue lysate using GFAP Antibody (SPM248).
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-34401] - Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded human Schwannoma stained with GFAP monoclonal antibody (SPM248)
Flow Cytometry: GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free [NBP2-34401] - Flow Cytometric Analysis of T98G cells using GFAP Antibody (SPM248) followed by Goat anti-Mouse IgG-CF488 (Blue); Isotype Control (Red).

Applications for GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free

Application
Recommended Usage

Flow Cytometry

0.5 - 1 ug/million cells

Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence

1 - 2 ug/mL

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin

0.5 - 1 ug/mL

Western Blot

0.5 - 1 ug/mL
Application Notes
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin-fixed): 1-2 ug/mL for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires heating tissue sections in 10 mM Tris with 1mM EDTA, pH 9.0, for 45 min at 95C followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.
Optimal dilution for a specific application should be determined.
Please Note: Optimal dilutions of this antibody should be experimentally determined.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Formulation

10 mM PBS

Format

Azide and BSA Free

Preservative

No Preservative

Concentration

1.0 mg/ml

Shipping

The product is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Store at -20 to -80C. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Background: GFAP

Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a class III intermediate filament protein that is largely expressed in astrocytes in addition to non-myelinating Schwann cells and glial cells (1,2). Other members of the type III intermediate filament family include desmin, peripherin, and vimentin (2-4). GFAP was first identified in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients (2). Human GFAP protein is 432 amino acids in length with a theoretical molecular weight of ~50 kDa (1,3). GFAP has at least 10 known isoforms, with the most prevalent and common in the brain being GFAP-alpha which is made of a head domain, a rod domain with four coils (1A, 1B, 2A, 2B) joined by linker regions, and a tail domain (1). GFAP is a marker of mature astrocytes, but is also expressed throughout development in both fetal and adult neural stem cells (2). While the exact function of GFAP is still elusive, it has been shown to play a role in cellular processes such as migration, mitosis, structural integrity, and signaling (2).

An increase in GFAP levels is often associated with neuroinflammation which results in the activation and proliferation of astroglia cell population (1,2). GFAP expression is also observed in brains of patients with neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, epilepsy disorders, and brain injuries (1-4). Lesion sites associated with neurodegeneration can exhibit an array of gliosis characteristics from glial scarring with reduced astrocyte proliferation to activated, GFAP-positive astrocytes surrounding amyloid plaques (2). Furthermore, the GFAP gene is a target of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding region, considered a gain-of-function mutation, characterized by astrocytic inclusions, termed Rosenthal fibers, resulting in Alexander Disease (1-4). GFAP is also a center of many post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can alter various aspects of filament assembly (1,4).

References

1. Yang, Z., & Wang, K. K. (2015). Glial fibrillary acidic protein: from intermediate filament assembly and gliosis to neurobiomarker. Trends in Neurosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2015.04.003

2. Hol, E. M., & Capetanaki, Y. (2017). Type III Intermediate Filaments Desmin, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP), Vimentin, and Peripherin. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021642

3. Potokar, M., Morita, M., Wiche, G., & Jorgacevski, J. (2020). The Diversity of Intermediate Filaments in Astrocytes. Cells. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9071604

4. Viedma-Poyatos, a., Pajares, M. A., & Perez-Sala, D. (2020). Type III intermediate filaments as targets and effectors of electrophiles and oxidants. Redox Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2020.101582

Long Name

Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein

Alternate Names

ALXDRD, FLJ45472, GFAP, GFAP astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein

Gene Symbol

GFAP

UniProt

P14136 (Human)

Additional GFAP Products

Product Documents for GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free

Product Datasheets

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for GFAP Antibody (SPM248) - Azide and BSA Free

This product is for research use only and is not approved for use in humans or in clinical diagnosis. Primary Antibodies are guaranteed for 1 year from date of receipt.

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